1995 ferrari models11/22/2023 Many changes were made to improve aerodynamics and cooling and the interior – still featuring Connolly Leather – was refreshed with new seats and other conveniences (fewer gauges on the dash, and a new Becker stereo fitted in front of the shifter rather than behind as in the very shallow and special Sony head unit in the 456 GT). The 456M (M standing for Modificata) was unveiled in 1998, starting with chassis number 109589. All early cars have Pininfarina script and badge, whilst all Modificatas only have the disegno Pininfarina scripts. Total number of bodies made by Pininfarina amounts up to 1,435. Pininfarina was responsible for the bodywork of the 456 until 1996 when production was moved to Ferrari. The body panels are welded to the chassis by using a special "sandwich filler" called feran that, when laid between, allows steel and aluminium to be welded. The chassis is a tubular steel space-frame construction with a one-piece composite bonnet and body panels of aluminium. A further developed version of this engine was used in the front-engined 550 Maranello grand tourer that was introduced in 1996 and which became the most powerful naturally aspirated Ferrari production car aside from the 456. Despite its exceptional performance, the 456 has a relatively unstressed engine, which has proven to be a very reliable unit. This was the last Ferrari to use this naming convention until the 488 GTB. The name 456 is derived from the fact that each cylinder displaces 456 cubic centimeters. In 1996, the engine management system changed to Motronic M5.2 management and the engine with the updated system given the F116C code. At the time of its development, it was the most powerful regular production road car ever developed by Ferrari. Acceleration from 0-97 km/h (60 mph) takes 4.8 seconds, with a 13.3 second quarter-mile time. Ferrari claims it could push the 1,690 kg (3,726 lb) car to a top speed of 309 km/h (192 mph), making it the world's second fastest production four-seater automobile behind the Porsche 959. It is rated at 442 PS (325 kW 436 hp), with 4 valves per cylinder and Bosch Motronic M2.7 engine management. (The transmission found its latest use in the 400/412 series.) The 5.5 L (5,473.91 cc) 65° V12 engine was derived from the Dino V6 rather than the more conventional 60° V12s used in the 412 and Daytona. The former has a six-speed manual, and the latter has a four-speed automatic developed in partnership with FF Developments, in Livonia, MI (which was later purchased by Ricardo Engineering in the UK.) The automatic transmission used in the 456 was the second and last conventional hydraulic automatic transmission with a torque converter to be offered by Ferrari. It was available in GT and (from 1996) GTA models. Pietro Camardella designed the original 456 Grand Tourer at Pininfarina. The updated 456M, which was the last Ferrari model to use pop-up headlamps, was replaced in 2004 by the 612 Scaglietti. The 456 was a replacement for the front-engine 412 as the company's V12-powered four seater. The Ferrari 456 and 456M (Type F116) are front-engine grand tourers which were produced by Ferrari from 1992 to 2003. Pietro Camardella under Lorenzo Ramaciotti at Pininfarina ġ,690–1,770 kg (3,726–3,902 lb) (dry)
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